Nama : Aldila Sariastuti
Kelas /npm : 4EA02 / 10208084
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Pengertian :
The simple present tense represents an action as taking place or a state as existing in present time.
Bentuk sederhana waktu sekarang menunjukkan kejadian suatu perbuatan atau keadaan yang ada dalam waktu sekarang.
Misalnya : I see the book
He is here
Today is Tuesday
Dari bentuk kata kerja seperti “see”, “is” kita dapat mengetahui bahwa perbuatan dari keadaan yang diterangkan itu terjadi pada waktu sekarang.
Maka bila kita hendak menerangkan suatu perbuatan atau keadaan yang terjadi pada waktu sekarang, kita menggunakan the simple present tense.
Bentuk kata kerja dalam simple present tense :
Verb to be
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I am …You are …
He She is … It We are … You are … They are … |
I am not …You are not …
He She is not … It We are not … You are not … They are not … |
Am I … ?are you …?
he Is she … ? It Are we … ? Are you … ? Are they … ? |
Perhatian :
1. Untuk “I” (saya, orang ke 1, tunggal ) digunakan bentuk “am”.
2. Untuk “He”, “She”, “It” (dia, orang ke III, tunggal) digunakan bentuk “is”
3. Untuk “You” (kamu, tunggal atau jamak, orang ke II) digunakan bentuk “are”
4. Untuk “we” (kita, kami, orang ke I, jamak) digunakan bentuk “are”
5. Untuk “they” (mereka, orang ke III, jamak) digunakan bentuk “are”
Verb to have
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I have …You have …
He She has … It We have … You have … They have … |
I have not …You have not …
He She has not … It We have not … You have not … They have not … |
Have I … ?Have you … ?
He Has She … ? It Have we … ? Have you … ? Have they … ? |
Perhatian :
1. Untuk “I”, “you”, “we”, dan “they”digunakan “have”.
2. Untuk “he”, “she”, “it” digunakan “ has”.
Verb to do
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I do …You do …
He She does … It We do … You do… They do … |
I do not …You do not …
He She does not .. It We do not … You do not … They do not … |
Do I do … ?Do you do … ?
He Does she do …? It Do we do … ? Do you do … ? Do they do … ? |
Perhatian :
1. Untuk “ I”, “you”, “we”, “they” digunakan “ do”.
2. Untuk “ she”, “he” dan “it” digunakan “does”.
3. Setelah ada “does” atau “do” dalam kalimat maka kata kerja kembali pada kata asal.
Misalnya : He does not go. (goes jadi go).
Does she work ? (works jadi work).
Infinitive verb to go
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I go .You go.
He She goes It We go. You go. They go. |
I do not go .You do not go.
He She does not go. It We do not go. You do not go. They do not go. |
Do I go ?Do you go ?
He Does she go ? It Do we go ? Do you go ? Do they go ? |
Perhatian : karena adanya “does” maka kata kerja “goes” kembali ke kata kerja asal go.
Infinitive verb to work
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I work.You work.
He She works. It We work. You work. They work. |
I do not work.You do not work.
He She does not work. It We do not work. You do not work. They do not work. |
Do I work ?Do you work ?
He Does she work ? It Do we work ? Do you work ? Do they work ? |
Perhatian :
1. Karena adanya “does” maka kata kerja “works” kembali ke kata kerja asalnya “work”.
2. Dalam bentuk “simple present tense”, kata kerja asal ditambahkan “s” dibelakang untuk orang ketiga, tunggal (third person singular).
C. PENGGUNAAN “SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE” :
1. Digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu perbuatan / kelakuan yang dilakukan secara berulang – ulang.
a. He comes to my office every Monday.
b. We get up at six every morning.
c. He has two sisters
d. She is my English teacher.
2. Digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu kebenaran umum atau suatu kenyataan yang benar pada waktu pembicaraan.
a. The earth goes to round the sun.
b. Tigers roar; they do not bark.
c. The river tweed separates england and scotland.
d. The capital of Indonesia is Jakarta.
3. Digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu perbuatan atau keadaan yang sudah menjadi kebiasaan.
a. Men precede women when going downstairs.
b. He always sleeps with his window open.
c. Betty always has a glass of milk at 11 a.m.
d. Bird don’t build nest in the autumn.
4. Digunakan untuk menunjukkan sifat, watak atau kecakapan seseorang.
a. He works hard.
b. She does not speak english well.
c. She sings beatifully.
d. They write badly.
5. Digunakan untuk mengutip isi buku, surat kabar, pengumuman dan surat, kata kerja “say” sering digunakan untuk tujuan ini.
a. What does that notice say ?
It says, “No parting.”
b. What does the book say ?
It says, “cook very slowly”
c. I see you’ve got a letter from Ann. What does she say?
She says she’s coming to london next week.
6. Digunakan untuk komentar cerita sandiwara, atau laporan, komentar radio, tv terhadap suatu peristiwa olahraga, upacara,pesta, dsb.
a. When the curtain rises, juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quitly. Meanwhile the window opens and a masked man enters the room.
7. Digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu tindakan atau perbuatan yang sudah direncanakan dan akan segera dilakukan.
a. The train starts at ten o’clock in the morning.
b. When does he leave ?
He leaves by the 6.35 train this evening.
8. Digunakan untuk menggantikan “BENTUK WAKTU AKAN DATANG” dibelakang kata – kata “if”, “unless”, “in case” dsb. Dalam kalimat syarat.
a. If the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall have a picnic.
b. If you swallow prussic acid you die.
c. Unless he sends the money before Friday, I shall consult my lawyer.
d. In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.
9. Digunakan untuk menggantikan BENTUK WAKTU AKAN DATANG (the simple future tense) dibelakang kata – kata keterangan waktu dalam anak kalimat untuk menerangkan waktu.
a. Don’t write until I tell you.
(not : until I shall tell you)
b. Let’s wait until he comes.
(not : until he will come)
c. As soon as he arrives, you can leave.
(not : as soon as he will arrive)
Pengarang : Wiliting
Penerbit : toko buku “harapan” jl. Hayam wuruk 148, pekalongan